最近 在学习数据可视化方面的课程，在进行到使用pyecharts对地图作数据展示的时候，需要安装几个地图数据包，按照课程PPT里的说法，先安装echarts-countries-pypkg和echarts-china-provinces-pypkg这两个地图数据，分别为国家和中国的身份数据，这里我是管理员身份打开的Windows下的命令提示符进行的安装，为什么要特意提及安装方式，下面会说明原因。上面两个数据包安装直接2条命令过去无比顺利，当安装到echarts-china-cities-pypkg时，命令行就可就炸了，下面是我提取的一部分报错，我会简单分析下，因为我只能管中窥豹下可能的原因。
C:\Users\xxxx>pip install echarts-china-cities-pypkg
Collecting echarts-china-cities-pypkg
Using cached echarts-china-cities-pypkg-0.0.9.tar.gz (4.0 MB)
Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Requirement already satisfied: lml>=0.0.2 in c:\users\xxxx\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python38\site-packages (from echarts-china-cities-pypkg) (0.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pyecharts-jupyter-installer==0.0.3 in c:\users\xxxx\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python38\site-packages (from echarts-china-cities-pypkg) (0.0.3)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for echarts-china-cities-pypkg, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: echarts-china-cities-pypkg
Running setup.py install for echarts-china-cities-pypkg ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 。。。。。
'C:\Users\xxxx\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources\echarts-china-cities-js\gui4_zhou1_qian2_dong1_nan2_miao2_zu2_tong1_zu2_zi4_zhi4_zhou1.js': No such file or directory
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\xxxx\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\xxxx\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-qmkfizol\\echarts-china-cities-pypkg_b1a6c5b470da43258e2d2f299f8cf6c7\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\xxxx\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-qmkfizol\\echarts-china-cities-pypkg_b1a6c5b470da43258e2d2f299f8cf6c7\\setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\xxxx\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-smwkl2c0\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers 'C:\Users\xxxx\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\Include\echarts-china-cities-pypkg' Check the logs for full command output.
从上面错误输出的后面，可以大致了解，是说缺少“gui4_zhou1_qian2_dong1_nan2_miao2_zu2_tong1_zu2_zi4_zhi4_zhou1.js”这个js文件，然后既然你说缺少这个文件，那我就到github上把这个文件下载下来，然后放到提示C:\Users\xxxx\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources\echarts-china-cities-js\的目录，这样再次安装总行了吧。然鹅是我大意了，错误并没有闪躲。
再次运行安装命令，还是上面同样的报错。这就然我很是蛋疼了，我思来想去不会是网络问题吧，然而我使用指定安装源的方法：
pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple echarts-china-cities-pypkg还是报同样的错误，说我有地图数据不存在那个目录，这也太不给面子了吧，你说你没有数据，我亲手把数据交于你，你还是舔着个批脸和我说“给我数据”，你可是真够逗得。那既然不是网络问题，那我根据pip仓库里的第2种安装方法，再试一下吧。
git clone https://github.com/pyecharts/echarts-china-cities-pypkg.git cd echarts-china-cities-pypkg python setup.py install
结果还是给我报没有文件或目录的错误，或者说无法创建目录，不一而足，但是我是按照他的报错改正的，比如说以管理员权限运行命令提示符cmd，缺少js数据文件，我下载下来放进你说的目录，那么既然你命令提示符里是这个错误，那我试试Anaconda Powershell Prompt安装一下如何，这次一试，倒是给我了另外的排查问题的思路，执行pip命令后，错误如下，唯一和命令提示符下不太一样的是我下面黏贴的错误：
ERROR: Fail copying build\lib\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources\echarts-china-cities-js\gui4_zhou1_qian2_dong1_nan2_miao2_zu2_tong1_zu2_zi4_zhi4_zhou1.js -> build\bdist.win-amd64\wheel\.\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources\echarts-china-cities-js error: could not create 'build\bdist.win-amd64\wheel\.\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources\echarts-china-cities-js\gui4_zhou1_qian2_dong1_nan2_miao2_zu2_tong1_zu2_zi4_zhi4_zhou1.js': No such file or directory ------------------------------ERROR: Failed building wheel for echarts-china-cities-pypkg Running setup.py clean for echarts-china-cities-pypkg Failed to build echarts-china-cities-pypkg Installing collected packages: pyecharts-jupyter-installer, lml, echarts-china-cities-pypkg Running setup.py install for echarts-china-cities-pypkg ... done DEPRECATION: echarts-china-cities-pypkg was installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' method, because a wheel could not be built for it. A possible replacement is to fix the wheel build issue reported above. You can find discussion regarding this at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8368. Successfully installed echarts-china-cities-pypkg-0.0.9 lml-0.1.0 pyecharts-jupyter-installer-0.0.3
上面提到的如果要安装这个数据包，不可以用pip了，用使用遗产方法setup.py install去代替，但讲点道理，我之前用过这个方法，你不还是给我报错吗？既然这样，那就死马当活马医吧，我就在anaconda command prompt下运行以下命令：
cd echarts-china-cities-pypkg python setup.py install
这次总算没有那么一大串让人心生恐惧的大串红色报错了：
(base) PS C:\Users\xxxx> cd .\echarts-china-cities-pypkg\ (base) PS C:\Users\xxxx\echarts-china-cities-pypkg> python setup.py install running install Installing pyecharts module... running build running build_py running egg_info writing echarts_china_cities_pypkg.egg-info\PKG-INFO writing dependency_links to echarts_china_cities_pypkg.egg-info\dependency_links.txt writing requirements to echarts_china_cities_pypkg.egg-info\requires.txt writing top-level names to echarts_china_cities_pypkg.egg-info\top_level.txt reading manifest file 'echarts_china_cities_pypkg.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' warning: no files found matching 'echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources\echarts-china-cities-js\*.js' warning: no files found matching 'echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources\registry.json' writing manifest file 'echarts_china_cities_pypkg.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' running install_lib copying build\lib\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\_version.py -> C:\Users\xxxx\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\echarts_china_cities_pypkg copying build\lib\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\__init__.py -> C:\Users\xxxx\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\echarts_china_cities_pypkg running install_egg_info removing 'C:\Users\xxxx\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\echarts_china_cities_pypkg-0.0.9-py3.8.egg-info' (and everything under it) Copying echarts_china_cities_pypkg.egg-info to C:\Users\xxxx\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\echarts_china_cities_pypkg-0.0.9-py3.8.egg-info running install_scripts Installing javascript extensions echarts-china-cities-js ... error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'echarts_china_cities_pypkg/resources/echarts-china-cities-js\\..\\registry.json'
这里就比较明朗一些了，说是我在某个目录下缺少registry.json文件，那我就找到这个文件，然后 把它放到某个目录，再试下：
我找到包含registry.json文件的目录为：C:\Users\xxxx\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources
把目录下的文件和echarts-china-cities-js文件夹，复制到下面的目录：C:\Users\xxxx\echarts-china-cities-pypkg\echarts_china_cities_pypkg\resources
这里的xxxx请根据自己的用户名进行替换，不要我这里是xxxx，你就认为我是骗子，你自己的系统肯定不会有xxxx这个用户的，除非你自己就创建了一个这种用户。
再次运行 python setup.py install命令，这次总算安装成功了。不得不说学习某些与Python相关的知识，是比较方便，该有的包都有，但是对第三方包的管理机制，我感觉有点肆意妄为了，无意给初学者带来了很大的时间成本，明明一条命令可以解决的问题，非得让我到处寻找解决方案，然后自己摸索出这种很不优雅的解决方法。我觉得这个锅开发者是不是要背呢？
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